- 1865: The United States Congress passes the Thirteenth Amendment, officially abolishing slavery in the United States. This momentous occasion marked a turning point in American history and paved the way for further civil rights advancements.
- 1900: The Datu Muhammad Salleh Rebellion, a resistance movement against British colonial rule in the Philippines, ends with the death of Datu Muhammad Salleh. This uprising is remembered for its fierce resistance and the enduring legacy of Datu Muhammad Salleh as a symbol of Filipino nationalism.
- 1916: The Battle of Gallipoli, a major clash in World War I, officially comes to an end after eight months of brutal fighting. This costly campaign resulted in heavy casualties on both sides and remains a significant event in the history of both Australia and Turkey.
- 1935: The first attempt at a Portuguese republican revolution breaks out in the northern city of Porto. This uprising, though unsuccessful, marked a pivotal moment in Portugal's long struggle for democracy.
- 1961: Ham the Chimpanzee travels into space aboard the Mercury-Redstone 2, becoming the first hominid in space. This successful launch paved the way for future human spaceflight missions.
- 1968: The Tet Offensive, a major offensive by the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army against South Vietnam, begins. This unexpected attack marked a turning point in the Vietnam War and had a profound impact on public opinion in the United States.
- 1979: The Shah of Iran flees the country amid the Iranian Revolution, marking the end of the Pahlavi dynasty. This significant event ushered in a new era of Islamic rule in Iran.
- 2003: The U.S. space shuttle Columbia disintegrates during re-entry, tragically killing all seven crew members on board. This devastating accident shocked the world and led to major changes in NASA's safety protocols.
Which British soul band had a hit song in 1975 that began with the lyrics "It started with a kiss" and went on to become an all-time classic?